Key clinical point: Migraine was significantly associated with fetal-type posterior cerebral artery (PCA) status in patients with ischemic stroke.

Major finding: Fetal-type PCA status was independently associated with migraine (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.06; P = .005). The other factors independently associated with migraine were hypertension (aOR 1.97; P = .011), female gender (aOR 2.03; P = .017) and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score at admission (aOR 1.08; P = .018).

Study details: This cross-sectional study included 750 patients aged ≥18 yearswith ischemic stroke, of which 11.3% had migraine history.

Disclosures: This study received no specific funding. The authors declared no conflicts of interest.

Source: Zhang Y et al. The association between migraine and fetal-type posterior cerebral artery in patients with ischemic stroke. Cerebrovasc Dis. 2022 (May 13). Doi:10.1159/000524616

Key clinical point: Migraine was significantly associated with fetal-type posterior cerebral artery (PCA) status in patients with ischemic stroke.

Major finding: Fetal-type PCA status was independently associated with migraine (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.06; P = .005). The other factors independently associated with migraine were hypertension (aOR 1.97; P = .011), female gender (aOR 2.03; P = .017) and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score at admission (aOR 1.08; P = .018).

Study details: This cross-sectional study included 750 patients aged ≥18 yearswith ischemic stroke, of which 11.3% had migraine history.

Disclosures: This study received no specific funding. The authors declared no conflicts of interest.

Source: Zhang Y et al. The association between migraine and fetal-type posterior cerebral artery in patients with ischemic stroke. Cerebrovasc Dis. 2022 (May 13). Doi:10.1159/000524616

Key clinical point: Migraine was significantly associated with fetal-type posterior cerebral artery (PCA) status in patients with ischemic stroke.

Major finding: Fetal-type PCA status was independently associated with migraine (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.06; P = .005). The other factors independently associated with migraine were hypertension (aOR 1.97; P = .011), female gender (aOR 2.03; P = .017) and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score at admission (aOR 1.08; P = .018).

Study details: This cross-sectional study included 750 patients aged ≥18 yearswith ischemic stroke, of which 11.3% had migraine history.

Disclosures: This study received no specific funding. The authors declared no conflicts of interest.

Source: Zhang Y et al. The association between migraine and fetal-type posterior cerebral artery in patients with ischemic stroke. Cerebrovasc Dis. 2022 (May 13). Doi:10.1159/000524616

Key clinical point: Erenumab is effective and welltolerated in patients with chronic migraine who did not respond to previous migraine treatments.

Major finding: Overall,71.4% of patients treated with erenumabachieved ≥30% reduction in monthly migraine days from baseline to 9-12 weeks and 34.0% of patients at all assessment periods through 52weeks. Constipation was the most common adverse event and 13.7% of patients discontinued treatment because of a lack of tolerability.

Study details: The data come from a 52-week, prospective, observational study including 300 patients with chronic migraine who received ≥1 dose of erenumab, of which 273 and 119 patients completed 12 and 52 weeks of treatment, respectively.

Disclosures: This study was funded by and conducted in collaboration with Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland. Some authors reported being consultants, speakers, or scientific advisorsfor or receiving personal fees from various sources, including Novartis. Two authors declared being employees of and holding stocks in Novartis.

Source: Cullum CK et al.Real-world long-term efficacy and safety of erenumab in adults with chronic migraine: A 52-week, single-center, prospective, observational study. J Headache Pain. 2022;23(1):61 Jun 2). Doi:10.1186/s10194-022-01433-9

Key clinical point: Erenumab is effective and welltolerated in patients with chronic migraine who did not respond to previous migraine treatments.

Major finding: Overall,71.4% of patients treated with erenumabachieved ≥30% reduction in monthly migraine days from baseline to 9-12 weeks and 34.0% of patients at all assessment periods through 52weeks. Constipation was the most common adverse event and 13.7% of patients discontinued treatment because of a lack of tolerability.

Study details: The data come from a 52-week, prospective, observational study including 300 patients with chronic migraine who received ≥1 dose of erenumab, of which 273 and 119 patients completed 12 and 52 weeks of treatment, respectively.

Disclosures: This study was funded by and conducted in collaboration with Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland. Some authors reported being consultants, speakers, or scientific advisorsfor or receiving personal fees from various sources, including Novartis. Two authors declared being employees of and holding stocks in Novartis.

Source: Cullum CK et al.Real-world long-term efficacy and safety of erenumab in adults with chronic migraine: A 52-week, single-center, prospective, observational study. J Headache Pain. 2022;23(1):61 Jun 2). Doi:10.1186/s10194-022-01433-9

Key clinical point: Erenumab is effective and welltolerated in patients with chronic migraine who did not respond to previous migraine treatments.

Major finding: Overall,71.4% of patients treated with erenumabachieved ≥30% reduction in monthly migraine days from baseline to 9-12 weeks and 34.0% of patients at all assessment periods through 52weeks. Constipation was the most common adverse event and 13.7% of patients discontinued treatment because of a lack of tolerability.

Study details: The data come from a 52-week, prospective, observational study including 300 patients with chronic migraine who received ≥1 dose of erenumab, of which 273 and 119 patients completed 12 and 52 weeks of treatment, respectively.

Disclosures: This study was funded by and conducted in collaboration with Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland. Some authors reported being consultants, speakers, or scientific advisorsfor or receiving personal fees from various sources, including Novartis. Two authors declared being employees of and holding stocks in Novartis.

Source: Cullum CK et al.Real-world long-term efficacy and safety of erenumab in adults with chronic migraine: A 52-week, single-center, prospective, observational study. J Headache Pain. 2022;23(1):61 Jun 2). Doi:10.1186/s10194-022-01433-9

The potentially fatal parechovirus is now circulating in multiple states, causing fevers, seizures, and sepsis-like symptoms, including confusion and extreme pain, according to the CDC.

Human parechoviruses are common in children and most have been infected before they start kindergarten, the CDC said. Between 6 months and 5 years of age, symptoms include an upper respiratory tract infection, fever, and rash.

But infants younger than 3 months may have more serious, and possibly fatal, infections. They may get “sepsis-like illness, seizures, and meningitis or meningoencephalitis, particularly in infants younger than 1 month,” the CDC said. At least one newborn has reportedly died from the infection.

Parechovirus can spread like other common germs, from feces that are later ingested – likely due to poor handwashing – and through droplets sent airborne by coughing or sneezing. It can be transmitted by people both with and without symptoms of the infection.

The microbe can reproduce for 1-3 weeks in the upper respiratory tract and up to 6 months in the gastrointestinal tract, the CDC said.

Kristina Angel Bryant, MD, a pediatric infectious disease specialist at the University of Louisville Hospital, says parechoviruses often cause rashes on the hands and feet, which some experts refer to as “mittens and booties.”

The CDC is urging doctors to test for parechovirus if they recognize these symptoms in infants if there is no other explanation for what might be distressing them.

There is no specific treatment for parechovirus. And with no standard testing system in place, experts are unsure if the number of parechovirus cases is higher in 2022 than in previous years.

The message for parents, Dr. Bryant says, is: Don’t panic. “This is not a new virus.”

“One of the most common symptoms is fever, and in some kids, that is the only symptom,” she says. “Older infants and toddlers may have only cold symptoms, and some kids have no symptoms at all.”

Parents can take the usual steps to protect their child from the viral illness, including diligent handwashing and having less contact with people who are sick, Dr. Bryant says.

A version of this article first appeared on Medscape.com.

The potentially fatal parechovirus is now circulating in multiple states, causing fevers, seizures, and sepsis-like symptoms, including confusion and extreme pain, according to the CDC.

Human parechoviruses are common in children and most have been infected before they start kindergarten, the CDC said. Between 6 months and 5 years of age, symptoms include an upper respiratory tract infection, fever, and rash.

But infants younger than 3 months may have more serious, and possibly fatal, infections. They may get “sepsis-like illness, seizures, and meningitis or meningoencephalitis, particularly in infants younger than 1 month,” the CDC said. At least one newborn has reportedly died from the infection.

Parechovirus can spread like other common germs, from feces that are later ingested – likely due to poor handwashing – and through droplets sent airborne by coughing or sneezing. It can be transmitted by people both with and without symptoms of the infection.

The microbe can reproduce for 1-3 weeks in the upper respiratory tract and up to 6 months in the gastrointestinal tract, the CDC said.

Kristina Angel Bryant, MD, a pediatric infectious disease specialist at the University of Louisville Hospital, says parechoviruses often cause rashes on the hands and feet, which some experts refer to as “mittens and booties.”

The CDC is urging doctors to test for parechovirus if they recognize these symptoms in infants if there is no other explanation for what might be distressing them.

There is no specific treatment for parechovirus. And with no standard testing system in place, experts are unsure if the number of parechovirus cases is higher in 2022 than in previous years.

The message for parents, Dr. Bryant says, is: Don’t panic. “This is not a new virus.”

“One of the most common symptoms is fever, and in some kids, that is the only symptom,” she says. “Older infants and toddlers may have only cold symptoms, and some kids have no symptoms at all.”

Parents can take the usual steps to protect their child from the viral illness, including diligent handwashing and having less contact with people who are sick, Dr. Bryant says.

A version of this article first appeared on Medscape.com.

The potentially fatal parechovirus is now circulating in multiple states, causing fevers, seizures, and sepsis-like symptoms, including confusion and extreme pain, according to the CDC.

Human parechoviruses are common in children and most have been infected before they start kindergarten, the CDC said. Between 6 months and 5 years of age, symptoms include an upper respiratory tract infection, fever, and rash.

But infants younger than 3 months may have more serious, and possibly fatal, infections. They may get “sepsis-like illness, seizures, and meningitis or meningoencephalitis, particularly in infants younger than 1 month,” the CDC said. At least one newborn has reportedly died from the infection.

Parechovirus can spread like other common germs, from feces that are later ingested – likely due to poor handwashing – and through droplets sent airborne by coughing or sneezing. It can be transmitted by people both with and without symptoms of the infection.

The microbe can reproduce for 1-3 weeks in the upper respiratory tract and up to 6 months in the gastrointestinal tract, the CDC said.

Kristina Angel Bryant, MD, a pediatric infectious disease specialist at the University of Louisville Hospital, says parechoviruses often cause rashes on the hands and feet, which some experts refer to as “mittens and booties.”

The CDC is urging doctors to test for parechovirus if they recognize these symptoms in infants if there is no other explanation for what might be distressing them.

There is no specific treatment for parechovirus. And with no standard testing system in place, experts are unsure if the number of parechovirus cases is higher in 2022 than in previous years.

The message for parents, Dr. Bryant says, is: Don’t panic. “This is not a new virus.”

“One of the most common symptoms is fever, and in some kids, that is the only symptom,” she says. “Older infants and toddlers may have only cold symptoms, and some kids have no symptoms at all.”

Parents can take the usual steps to protect their child from the viral illness, including diligent handwashing and having less contact with people who are sick, Dr. Bryant says.

A version of this article first appeared on Medscape.com.

Key clinical point: Intravenous (IV) ketorolac plus metoclopramide failed to improve pain intensity in children presenting to the emergency department (ED) for the acute treatment of migraine compared with metoclopramide monotherapy.

Major finding: The mean change in pain intensity as assessed by a 100 mm Visual Analog Scale at 120 minutes was −44 mm (95% CI 32-57 mm) in the monotherapy group and −36 mm (95% CI 23-49 mm) in the ketorolac group, corresponding to a mean difference of 8 mm between the groups (P = .355),with no significant between-group difference in headache recurrence and adverse events.

Study details: Findings arefrom a double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled trialincluding 53children aged 6-17 years presenting to the ED for the acute treatment of migraine. They were randomly assigned to receive IV ketorolac plus metoclopramide (n=26) or IV metoclopramide plus placebo (n=27).

Disclosures: This study was funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research through a Drug Safety and Effectiveness Network grant. The authors declared no conflicts of interest.

Source: Richer LP et al.A randomized trial of ketorolac and metoclopramide for migraine in the emergency department.Headache. 2022; 62: 681-689(Jun 7). Doi:10.1111/head.14307

Key clinical point: Intravenous (IV) ketorolac plus metoclopramide failed to improve pain intensity in children presenting to the emergency department (ED) for the acute treatment of migraine compared with metoclopramide monotherapy.

Major finding: The mean change in pain intensity as assessed by a 100 mm Visual Analog Scale at 120 minutes was −44 mm (95% CI 32-57 mm) in the monotherapy group and −36 mm (95% CI 23-49 mm) in the ketorolac group, corresponding to a mean difference of 8 mm between the groups (P = .355),with no significant between-group difference in headache recurrence and adverse events.

Study details: Findings arefrom a double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled trialincluding 53children aged 6-17 years presenting to the ED for the acute treatment of migraine. They were randomly assigned to receive IV ketorolac plus metoclopramide (n=26) or IV metoclopramide plus placebo (n=27).

Disclosures: This study was funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research through a Drug Safety and Effectiveness Network grant. The authors declared no conflicts of interest.

Source: Richer LP et al.A randomized trial of ketorolac and metoclopramide for migraine in the emergency department.Headache. 2022; 62: 681-689(Jun 7). Doi:10.1111/head.14307

Key clinical point: Intravenous (IV) ketorolac plus metoclopramide failed to improve pain intensity in children presenting to the emergency department (ED) for the acute treatment of migraine compared with metoclopramide monotherapy.

Major finding: The mean change in pain intensity as assessed by a 100 mm Visual Analog Scale at 120 minutes was −44 mm (95% CI 32-57 mm) in the monotherapy group and −36 mm (95% CI 23-49 mm) in the ketorolac group, corresponding to a mean difference of 8 mm between the groups (P = .355),with no significant between-group difference in headache recurrence and adverse events.

Study details: Findings arefrom a double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled trialincluding 53children aged 6-17 years presenting to the ED for the acute treatment of migraine. They were randomly assigned to receive IV ketorolac plus metoclopramide (n=26) or IV metoclopramide plus placebo (n=27).

Disclosures: This study was funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research through a Drug Safety and Effectiveness Network grant. The authors declared no conflicts of interest.

Source: Richer LP et al.A randomized trial of ketorolac and metoclopramide for migraine in the emergency department.Headache. 2022; 62: 681-689(Jun 7). Doi:10.1111/head.14307

Key clinical point: Patients hospitalized with refractory chronic migraine treated with continuous multiday lidocaine infusions showed a significant improvement in pain immediately after the infusion, with some patients maintaining this improvement at 1 month.

Major finding: Medianpain ratings decreased from 7.0 on admission to 1.0 at discharge (P< .001), with 87.8% of admissions being cases of acute response. Among acute responders with data on average pain, 43.2% demonstrated sustained response at 1 month.

Study details: The data come from a retrospective cohort study of 609 hospital admissions involving 537 patients with refractory chronic migraine who received continuous multiday lidocaine infusions.

Disclosures: This study did not receive any specific funding. SD Silberstein declared serving as a consultant and advisory panel member for and receiving honoraria from various sources.

Source: Schwenk ES et al. Lidocaine infusions for refractory chronic migraine: A retrospective analysis. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2022;47:408-413(May 23). Doi:10.1136/rapm-2021-103180

Key clinical point: Patients hospitalized with refractory chronic migraine treated with continuous multiday lidocaine infusions showed a significant improvement in pain immediately after the infusion, with some patients maintaining this improvement at 1 month.

Major finding: Medianpain ratings decreased from 7.0 on admission to 1.0 at discharge (P< .001), with 87.8% of admissions being cases of acute response. Among acute responders with data on average pain, 43.2% demonstrated sustained response at 1 month.

Study details: The data come from a retrospective cohort study of 609 hospital admissions involving 537 patients with refractory chronic migraine who received continuous multiday lidocaine infusions.

Disclosures: This study did not receive any specific funding. SD Silberstein declared serving as a consultant and advisory panel member for and receiving honoraria from various sources.

Source: Schwenk ES et al. Lidocaine infusions for refractory chronic migraine: A retrospective analysis. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2022;47:408-413(May 23). Doi:10.1136/rapm-2021-103180

Key clinical point: Patients hospitalized with refractory chronic migraine treated with continuous multiday lidocaine infusions showed a significant improvement in pain immediately after the infusion, with some patients maintaining this improvement at 1 month.

Major finding: Medianpain ratings decreased from 7.0 on admission to 1.0 at discharge (P< .001), with 87.8% of admissions being cases of acute response. Among acute responders with data on average pain, 43.2% demonstrated sustained response at 1 month.

Study details: The data come from a retrospective cohort study of 609 hospital admissions involving 537 patients with refractory chronic migraine who received continuous multiday lidocaine infusions.

Disclosures: This study did not receive any specific funding. SD Silberstein declared serving as a consultant and advisory panel member for and receiving honoraria from various sources.

Source: Schwenk ES et al. Lidocaine infusions for refractory chronic migraine: A retrospective analysis. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2022;47:408-413(May 23). Doi:10.1136/rapm-2021-103180

Key clinical point: Cold interventions, includingcold-gel headband, cold-gel cap, and intraoral cooling, provide instant relief from pain in patients with migraine; however, their long-term effects on pain are not significant.

Major finding: The cold intervention group vs. control group led to a significant reduction in pain on a visual analog scale score at 30 minutes (standard mean difference [SMD] −3.21; P = .02) but a nonsignificant reduction in the score at 24 hours (SMD −0.44; P = .07) after the intervention.

Study details: This was a meta-analysis of 6 studies (4 randomized controlled trials and 2 quasi-experimental studies) that included adult patients with migraine who underwent a cold intervention.

Disclosures: The study was partially sponsored by the Ministry of Science and Technology, Israel. The authors declared no conflicts of interest.

Source: Hsu Y-Y et al.Cold intervention for relieving migraine symptoms: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Nurs. 2022 (May 20). Doi:10.1111/jocn.16368

Key clinical point: Cold interventions, includingcold-gel headband, cold-gel cap, and intraoral cooling, provide instant relief from pain in patients with migraine; however, their long-term effects on pain are not significant.

Major finding: The cold intervention group vs. control group led to a significant reduction in pain on a visual analog scale score at 30 minutes (standard mean difference [SMD] −3.21; P = .02) but a nonsignificant reduction in the score at 24 hours (SMD −0.44; P = .07) after the intervention.

Study details: This was a meta-analysis of 6 studies (4 randomized controlled trials and 2 quasi-experimental studies) that included adult patients with migraine who underwent a cold intervention.

Disclosures: The study was partially sponsored by the Ministry of Science and Technology, Israel. The authors declared no conflicts of interest.

Source: Hsu Y-Y et al.Cold intervention for relieving migraine symptoms: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Nurs. 2022 (May 20). Doi:10.1111/jocn.16368

Key clinical point: Cold interventions, includingcold-gel headband, cold-gel cap, and intraoral cooling, provide instant relief from pain in patients with migraine; however, their long-term effects on pain are not significant.

Major finding: The cold intervention group vs. control group led to a significant reduction in pain on a visual analog scale score at 30 minutes (standard mean difference [SMD] −3.21; P = .02) but a nonsignificant reduction in the score at 24 hours (SMD −0.44; P = .07) after the intervention.

Study details: This was a meta-analysis of 6 studies (4 randomized controlled trials and 2 quasi-experimental studies) that included adult patients with migraine who underwent a cold intervention.

Disclosures: The study was partially sponsored by the Ministry of Science and Technology, Israel. The authors declared no conflicts of interest.

Source: Hsu Y-Y et al.Cold intervention for relieving migraine symptoms: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Nurs. 2022 (May 20). Doi:10.1111/jocn.16368

Key clinical point: As a migraine preventive agent, fremanezumab is effective across the full patient spectrum, including those with episodic migraine (EM), chronic migraine (CM), and difficult-to-treat (DTT) migraine (patients with medication overuse [MO], major depressive disorder [MDD], generalized anxiety disorder [GAD], or exposure to a different calcitonin gene-related peptide monoclonal antibody [CGRP mAb]).

Major finding: At month 6,the mean monthly migraine days reduced in patients with EM (−7.7 days), CM (−10.1 days), MO (−10.8 days), MDD (−9.9 days), GAD (−9.5 days), and prior CGRP mAb exposure (−9.0 days).

Study details: Findings are from aretrospective, online chart review study that collected data from 1003 patients with EM/CM aged ≥18 years at fremanezumab initiation, including those with DTT migraine, and 421 clinicians treating patients with EM/CM in a US-based practice.

Disclosures: This study was funded by Teva Pharmaceuticals. All authors declared being current or former employees of Teva Pharmaceuticals or Analysis Group, which performed these analyses funded by Teva.

Source: Driessen MT et al.Real-world effectiveness after initiating fremanezumab treatment in US patients with episodic and chronic migraine or difficult-to-treat migraine. J Headache Pain. 2022;23:56(May 16). Doi:10.1186/s10194-022-01415-x

Key clinical point: As a migraine preventive agent, fremanezumab is effective across the full patient spectrum, including those with episodic migraine (EM), chronic migraine (CM), and difficult-to-treat (DTT) migraine (patients with medication overuse [MO], major depressive disorder [MDD], generalized anxiety disorder [GAD], or exposure to a different calcitonin gene-related peptide monoclonal antibody [CGRP mAb]).

Major finding: At month 6,the mean monthly migraine days reduced in patients with EM (−7.7 days), CM (−10.1 days), MO (−10.8 days), MDD (−9.9 days), GAD (−9.5 days), and prior CGRP mAb exposure (−9.0 days).

Study details: Findings are from aretrospective, online chart review study that collected data from 1003 patients with EM/CM aged ≥18 years at fremanezumab initiation, including those with DTT migraine, and 421 clinicians treating patients with EM/CM in a US-based practice.

Disclosures: This study was funded by Teva Pharmaceuticals. All authors declared being current or former employees of Teva Pharmaceuticals or Analysis Group, which performed these analyses funded by Teva.

Source: Driessen MT et al.Real-world effectiveness after initiating fremanezumab treatment in US patients with episodic and chronic migraine or difficult-to-treat migraine. J Headache Pain. 2022;23:56(May 16). Doi:10.1186/s10194-022-01415-x

Key clinical point: As a migraine preventive agent, fremanezumab is effective across the full patient spectrum, including those with episodic migraine (EM), chronic migraine (CM), and difficult-to-treat (DTT) migraine (patients with medication overuse [MO], major depressive disorder [MDD], generalized anxiety disorder [GAD], or exposure to a different calcitonin gene-related peptide monoclonal antibody [CGRP mAb]).

Major finding: At month 6,the mean monthly migraine days reduced in patients with EM (−7.7 days), CM (−10.1 days), MO (−10.8 days), MDD (−9.9 days), GAD (−9.5 days), and prior CGRP mAb exposure (−9.0 days).

Study details: Findings are from aretrospective, online chart review study that collected data from 1003 patients with EM/CM aged ≥18 years at fremanezumab initiation, including those with DTT migraine, and 421 clinicians treating patients with EM/CM in a US-based practice.

Disclosures: This study was funded by Teva Pharmaceuticals. All authors declared being current or former employees of Teva Pharmaceuticals or Analysis Group, which performed these analyses funded by Teva.

Source: Driessen MT et al.Real-world effectiveness after initiating fremanezumab treatment in US patients with episodic and chronic migraine or difficult-to-treat migraine. J Headache Pain. 2022;23:56(May 16). Doi:10.1186/s10194-022-01415-x

Key clinical point: A dose of 120 mg galcanezumab subcutaneously safely and effectively reduces headache frequency, intensity, and duration in patients with episodic and chronic migraine and previous unsuccessful preventive treatments.

Major finding: The 6-month galcanezumab treatment led to a significant decrease in the headache attack frequency (−14.19 headache days/month; P< .001), headache attack pain intensity (numerical rating scale score −2.74; P< .001), and headache attack duration (−6.65 hours; P< .001).

Study details: The data come from an observational, prospective study including 43 patients with episodic high frequency and chronic migraine and unsuccessful treatment with≥3 preventive medication classes who received monthly 120 mg galcanezumab subcutaneously.

Disclosures: This study received no specific funding. Some authors declared receiving speaker honoraria and travel funding from various sources and serving as associate editors of neurology journals such as European Journal of Neurology.

Source: Silvestro M et al. Galcanezumab effect on “whole pain burden” and multidimensional outcomes in migraine patients with previous unsuccessful treatments: A real-world experience.J Headache Pain. 2022;23:69(Jun 13. Doi: 10.1186/s10194-022-01436-6

Key clinical point: A dose of 120 mg galcanezumab subcutaneously safely and effectively reduces headache frequency, intensity, and duration in patients with episodic and chronic migraine and previous unsuccessful preventive treatments.

Major finding: The 6-month galcanezumab treatment led to a significant decrease in the headache attack frequency (−14.19 headache days/month; P< .001), headache attack pain intensity (numerical rating scale score −2.74; P< .001), and headache attack duration (−6.65 hours; P< .001).

Study details: The data come from an observational, prospective study including 43 patients with episodic high frequency and chronic migraine and unsuccessful treatment with≥3 preventive medication classes who received monthly 120 mg galcanezumab subcutaneously.

Disclosures: This study received no specific funding. Some authors declared receiving speaker honoraria and travel funding from various sources and serving as associate editors of neurology journals such as European Journal of Neurology.

Source: Silvestro M et al. Galcanezumab effect on “whole pain burden” and multidimensional outcomes in migraine patients with previous unsuccessful treatments: A real-world experience.J Headache Pain. 2022;23:69(Jun 13. Doi: 10.1186/s10194-022-01436-6

Key clinical point: A dose of 120 mg galcanezumab subcutaneously safely and effectively reduces headache frequency, intensity, and duration in patients with episodic and chronic migraine and previous unsuccessful preventive treatments.

Major finding: The 6-month galcanezumab treatment led to a significant decrease in the headache attack frequency (−14.19 headache days/month; P< .001), headache attack pain intensity (numerical rating scale score −2.74; P< .001), and headache attack duration (−6.65 hours; P< .001).

Study details: The data come from an observational, prospective study including 43 patients with episodic high frequency and chronic migraine and unsuccessful treatment with≥3 preventive medication classes who received monthly 120 mg galcanezumab subcutaneously.

Disclosures: This study received no specific funding. Some authors declared receiving speaker honoraria and travel funding from various sources and serving as associate editors of neurology journals such as European Journal of Neurology.

Source: Silvestro M et al. Galcanezumab effect on “whole pain burden” and multidimensional outcomes in migraine patients with previous unsuccessful treatments: A real-world experience.J Headache Pain. 2022;23:69(Jun 13. Doi: 10.1186/s10194-022-01436-6

Key clinical point: A higher dose of onabotulinumtoxinA (Botox®) may decrease the number of headache and severe headache days in patients with chronic migraine who had an unsatisfactory response to the conventional 150-unit dose.

Major finding: After receiving 3 rounds of 200 units onabotulinumtoxinA, patients had a significant reduction in headache (13.62±10.79 to 11.02±10.61) and severe headache (5.88±6.73 to 4.01±4.89) days (both P< .001).

Study details: This retrospective paired comparison study included 175 patients with chronic migraine who received ≥3 rounds of 150 units onabotulinumtoxinA followed by ≥3 rounds of 200 units onabotulinumtoxinA.

Disclosures: This study did not receive any funding. The authors declared no conflicts of interest.

Source: Zandieh A, Cutrer FM. OnabotulinumtoxinA in chronic migraine: Is the response dose dependent?BMC Neurol. 2022;22:218(Jun 13). Doi:10.1186/s12883-022-02742-x

Key clinical point: A higher dose of onabotulinumtoxinA (Botox®) may decrease the number of headache and severe headache days in patients with chronic migraine who had an unsatisfactory response to the conventional 150-unit dose.

Major finding: After receiving 3 rounds of 200 units onabotulinumtoxinA, patients had a significant reduction in headache (13.62±10.79 to 11.02±10.61) and severe headache (5.88±6.73 to 4.01±4.89) days (both P< .001).

Study details: This retrospective paired comparison study included 175 patients with chronic migraine who received ≥3 rounds of 150 units onabotulinumtoxinA followed by ≥3 rounds of 200 units onabotulinumtoxinA.

Disclosures: This study did not receive any funding. The authors declared no conflicts of interest.

Source: Zandieh A, Cutrer FM. OnabotulinumtoxinA in chronic migraine: Is the response dose dependent?BMC Neurol. 2022;22:218(Jun 13). Doi:10.1186/s12883-022-02742-x

Key clinical point: A higher dose of onabotulinumtoxinA (Botox®) may decrease the number of headache and severe headache days in patients with chronic migraine who had an unsatisfactory response to the conventional 150-unit dose.

Major finding: After receiving 3 rounds of 200 units onabotulinumtoxinA, patients had a significant reduction in headache (13.62±10.79 to 11.02±10.61) and severe headache (5.88±6.73 to 4.01±4.89) days (both P< .001).

Study details: This retrospective paired comparison study included 175 patients with chronic migraine who received ≥3 rounds of 150 units onabotulinumtoxinA followed by ≥3 rounds of 200 units onabotulinumtoxinA.

Disclosures: This study did not receive any funding. The authors declared no conflicts of interest.

Source: Zandieh A, Cutrer FM. OnabotulinumtoxinA in chronic migraine: Is the response dose dependent?BMC Neurol. 2022;22:218(Jun 13). Doi:10.1186/s12883-022-02742-x

The Food and Drug Administration has approved topical ruxolitinib (Opzelura) for the treatment of nonsegmental vitiligo in patients aged 12 years or older, the manufacturer, Incyte, announced on July 18. The treatment, which was approved for treating mild to moderate atopic dermatitis in September 2021, is a cream formulation of ruxolitinib, a Janus kinase 1 (JAK1)/JAK2 inhibitor.

Previously, no treatment was approved to repigment patients with vitiligo, says David Rosmarin, MD, vice chair for research and education in the department of dermatology at Tufts Medical Center, Boston. “It’s important to have options that we can give to patients that are both safe and effective to get them the desired results,” Dr. Rosmarin, the lead investigator of the phase 3 clinical trials of topical ruxolitinib, said in an interview. Vitiligo is “a disease that can really affect quality of life. Some people [with vitiligo] feel as if they’re being stared at or they’re being bullied; they don’t feel confident. It can affect relationships and intimacy.”

Approval was based on the results of two phase 3 trials (TruE-V1 and TruE-V2) in 674 patients with nonsegmental vitiligo aged 12 years or older. At 24 weeks, about 30% of the patients on treatment, applied twice a day, achieved at least a 75% improvement in the facial Vitiligo Area Scoring Index (F-VASI75), compared with about 8% and 13% among those in the vehicle groups in the two trials.

At 52 weeks, about 50% of the patients treated with topical ruxolitinib achieved F-VASI75.

Also, using self-reporting as measured by the Vitiligo Noticeability Scale, about 30%-40% of patients described their vitiligo as being “a lot less noticeable” or “no longer noticeable” at week 52. Dr. Rosmarin reported the 52-week results at the 2022 annual meeting of the American Academy of Dermatology.

The trial group used 1.5% ruxolitinib cream twice daily for the full year. The vehicle group began using ruxolitinib halfway through the trial. In this group, 26.8% and 29.6% achieved F-VASI 75 at 52 weeks in the two trials.

For treating vitiligo, patients are advised to apply a thin layer of topical ruxolitinib to affected areas twice a day, “up to 10% body surface area,” according to the prescribing information, which adds: “Satisfactory patient response may require treatment … for more than 24 weeks. If the patient does not find the repigmentation meaningful by 24 weeks, the patient should be reevaluated by the health care provider.”

The most common side effects during the vehicle-controlled part of the trials were development of acne and pruritus at the application site, headache, urinary tract infections, erythema at the application site, and pyrexia, according to the company.

The approved label for topical ruxolitinib includes a boxed warning about serious infections, mortality, cancer, major adverse cardiovascular events, and thrombosis – which, the warning notes, is based on reports in patients treated with oral JAK inhibitors for inflammatory conditions.

Dr. Rosmarin believes that using this drug with other therapies, like light treatment, might yield even better responses. The available data are in patients treated with ruxolitinib as monotherapy, without complementary therapies.

William Damsky, MD, PhD, professor of dermatology and dermatopathology at Yale University, New Haven, who was not involved in the trials, said what is most exciting about this drug is its novelty. Although some topical steroids are used off-label to treat vitiligo, their efficacy is far from what’s been observed in these trials of topical ruxolitinib, he told this news organization. “It’s huge for a number of reasons. … One very big reason is it just provides some hope” for the many patients with vitiligo who, over the years, have been told “that there’s nothing that could be done for their disease, and this really changes that.”

Dr. Rosmarin reports financial relationships with over 20 pharmaceutical companies. Dr. Damsky disclosed no relevant financial relationships.

A version of this article first appeared on Medscape.com.

The Food and Drug Administration has approved topical ruxolitinib (Opzelura) for the treatment of nonsegmental vitiligo in patients aged 12 years or older, the manufacturer, Incyte, announced on July 18. The treatment, which was approved for treating mild to moderate atopic dermatitis in September 2021, is a cream formulation of ruxolitinib, a Janus kinase 1 (JAK1)/JAK2 inhibitor.

Previously, no treatment was approved to repigment patients with vitiligo, says David Rosmarin, MD, vice chair for research and education in the department of dermatology at Tufts Medical Center, Boston. “It’s important to have options that we can give to patients that are both safe and effective to get them the desired results,” Dr. Rosmarin, the lead investigator of the phase 3 clinical trials of topical ruxolitinib, said in an interview. Vitiligo is “a disease that can really affect quality of life. Some people [with vitiligo] feel as if they’re being stared at or they’re being bullied; they don’t feel confident. It can affect relationships and intimacy.”

Approval was based on the results of two phase 3 trials (TruE-V1 and TruE-V2) in 674 patients with nonsegmental vitiligo aged 12 years or older. At 24 weeks, about 30% of the patients on treatment, applied twice a day, achieved at least a 75% improvement in the facial Vitiligo Area Scoring Index (F-VASI75), compared with about 8% and 13% among those in the vehicle groups in the two trials.

At 52 weeks, about 50% of the patients treated with topical ruxolitinib achieved F-VASI75.

Also, using self-reporting as measured by the Vitiligo Noticeability Scale, about 30%-40% of patients described their vitiligo as being “a lot less noticeable” or “no longer noticeable” at week 52. Dr. Rosmarin reported the 52-week results at the 2022 annual meeting of the American Academy of Dermatology.

The trial group used 1.5% ruxolitinib cream twice daily for the full year. The vehicle group began using ruxolitinib halfway through the trial. In this group, 26.8% and 29.6% achieved F-VASI 75 at 52 weeks in the two trials.

For treating vitiligo, patients are advised to apply a thin layer of topical ruxolitinib to affected areas twice a day, “up to 10% body surface area,” according to the prescribing information, which adds: “Satisfactory patient response may require treatment … for more than 24 weeks. If the patient does not find the repigmentation meaningful by 24 weeks, the patient should be reevaluated by the health care provider.”

The most common side effects during the vehicle-controlled part of the trials were development of acne and pruritus at the application site, headache, urinary tract infections, erythema at the application site, and pyrexia, according to the company.

The approved label for topical ruxolitinib includes a boxed warning about serious infections, mortality, cancer, major adverse cardiovascular events, and thrombosis – which, the warning notes, is based on reports in patients treated with oral JAK inhibitors for inflammatory conditions.

Dr. Rosmarin believes that using this drug with other therapies, like light treatment, might yield even better responses. The available data are in patients treated with ruxolitinib as monotherapy, without complementary therapies.

William Damsky, MD, PhD, professor of dermatology and dermatopathology at Yale University, New Haven, who was not involved in the trials, said what is most exciting about this drug is its novelty. Although some topical steroids are used off-label to treat vitiligo, their efficacy is far from what’s been observed in these trials of topical ruxolitinib, he told this news organization. “It’s huge for a number of reasons. … One very big reason is it just provides some hope” for the many patients with vitiligo who, over the years, have been told “that there’s nothing that could be done for their disease, and this really changes that.”

Dr. Rosmarin reports financial relationships with over 20 pharmaceutical companies. Dr. Damsky disclosed no relevant financial relationships.

A version of this article first appeared on Medscape.com.

The Food and Drug Administration has approved topical ruxolitinib (Opzelura) for the treatment of nonsegmental vitiligo in patients aged 12 years or older, the manufacturer, Incyte, announced on July 18. The treatment, which was approved for treating mild to moderate atopic dermatitis in September 2021, is a cream formulation of ruxolitinib, a Janus kinase 1 (JAK1)/JAK2 inhibitor.

Previously, no treatment was approved to repigment patients with vitiligo, says David Rosmarin, MD, vice chair for research and education in the department of dermatology at Tufts Medical Center, Boston. “It’s important to have options that we can give to patients that are both safe and effective to get them the desired results,” Dr. Rosmarin, the lead investigator of the phase 3 clinical trials of topical ruxolitinib, said in an interview. Vitiligo is “a disease that can really affect quality of life. Some people [with vitiligo] feel as if they’re being stared at or they’re being bullied; they don’t feel confident. It can affect relationships and intimacy.”

Approval was based on the results of two phase 3 trials (TruE-V1 and TruE-V2) in 674 patients with nonsegmental vitiligo aged 12 years or older. At 24 weeks, about 30% of the patients on treatment, applied twice a day, achieved at least a 75% improvement in the facial Vitiligo Area Scoring Index (F-VASI75), compared with about 8% and 13% among those in the vehicle groups in the two trials.

At 52 weeks, about 50% of the patients treated with topical ruxolitinib achieved F-VASI75.

Also, using self-reporting as measured by the Vitiligo Noticeability Scale, about 30%-40% of patients described their vitiligo as being “a lot less noticeable” or “no longer noticeable” at week 52. Dr. Rosmarin reported the 52-week results at the 2022 annual meeting of the American Academy of Dermatology.

The trial group used 1.5% ruxolitinib cream twice daily for the full year. The vehicle group began using ruxolitinib halfway through the trial. In this group, 26.8% and 29.6% achieved F-VASI 75 at 52 weeks in the two trials.

For treating vitiligo, patients are advised to apply a thin layer of topical ruxolitinib to affected areas twice a day, “up to 10% body surface area,” according to the prescribing information, which adds: “Satisfactory patient response may require treatment … for more than 24 weeks. If the patient does not find the repigmentation meaningful by 24 weeks, the patient should be reevaluated by the health care provider.”

The most common side effects during the vehicle-controlled part of the trials were development of acne and pruritus at the application site, headache, urinary tract infections, erythema at the application site, and pyrexia, according to the company.

The approved label for topical ruxolitinib includes a boxed warning about serious infections, mortality, cancer, major adverse cardiovascular events, and thrombosis – which, the warning notes, is based on reports in patients treated with oral JAK inhibitors for inflammatory conditions.

Dr. Rosmarin believes that using this drug with other therapies, like light treatment, might yield even better responses. The available data are in patients treated with ruxolitinib as monotherapy, without complementary therapies.

William Damsky, MD, PhD, professor of dermatology and dermatopathology at Yale University, New Haven, who was not involved in the trials, said what is most exciting about this drug is its novelty. Although some topical steroids are used off-label to treat vitiligo, their efficacy is far from what’s been observed in these trials of topical ruxolitinib, he told this news organization. “It’s huge for a number of reasons. … One very big reason is it just provides some hope” for the many patients with vitiligo who, over the years, have been told “that there’s nothing that could be done for their disease, and this really changes that.”

Dr. Rosmarin reports financial relationships with over 20 pharmaceutical companies. Dr. Damsky disclosed no relevant financial relationships.

A version of this article first appeared on Medscape.com.