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Alcohol dependence and smoking were associated with anxiety and depression, according to a study of 949 patients with MS. Researchers found:
• Alcohol dependence was associated with an increased odds ratio of anxiety (OR=1.84) and depression (OR=1.53).
• Smoking was associated with increased odds of anxiety (OR=1.29) and depression (OR=1.37).
• Alcohol dependence was associated with increased incidence of depression but not anxiety.
• Depression was associated with increased incidence of alcohol dependence.
Citation: McKay KA, Tremlett H, Fisk JD, et al. Adverse health behaviours are associated with depression and anxiety in multiple sclerosis: a prospective multisite study. [Published online ahead of print August 5, 2015]. Mult Scler. doi: 10.1177/1352458515599073.
Alcohol dependence and smoking were associated with anxiety and depression, according to a study of 949 patients with MS. Researchers found:
• Alcohol dependence was associated with an increased odds ratio of anxiety (OR=1.84) and depression (OR=1.53).
• Smoking was associated with increased odds of anxiety (OR=1.29) and depression (OR=1.37).
• Alcohol dependence was associated with increased incidence of depression but not anxiety.
• Depression was associated with increased incidence of alcohol dependence.
Citation: McKay KA, Tremlett H, Fisk JD, et al. Adverse health behaviours are associated with depression and anxiety in multiple sclerosis: a prospective multisite study. [Published online ahead of print August 5, 2015]. Mult Scler. doi: 10.1177/1352458515599073.
Alcohol dependence and smoking were associated with anxiety and depression, according to a study of 949 patients with MS. Researchers found:
• Alcohol dependence was associated with an increased odds ratio of anxiety (OR=1.84) and depression (OR=1.53).
• Smoking was associated with increased odds of anxiety (OR=1.29) and depression (OR=1.37).
• Alcohol dependence was associated with increased incidence of depression but not anxiety.
• Depression was associated with increased incidence of alcohol dependence.
Citation: McKay KA, Tremlett H, Fisk JD, et al. Adverse health behaviours are associated with depression and anxiety in multiple sclerosis: a prospective multisite study. [Published online ahead of print August 5, 2015]. Mult Scler. doi: 10.1177/1352458515599073.